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(No Model.) I 2Sheets-Sheet 1 E. RICHMOND.

DOMESTIC AND AGRICULTURAL BOILER.

No. 331.446. Patented Dec. 1, 1885.

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.dttorney (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 E. RICHMOND.

DOMESTIC AND AGRIGULTURAL BOILER.

No. 331,446. Patented Dec. 1, 1885.

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ENOS RICHMOND, OF PORT ROYAL, PENNSYLVALIA.

DOMESTIC AND AGRICULTURAL BOlLER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 331.4%4-6, dated December 1, .1885.

Application filed June 25, 1885.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ENos RICHMOND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Port Royal, in the county of J uniata and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Domestic and Agricultural Boilers; andI do declare the following to be a'full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to domestic boilers adapted to any of the familiar modes of applying heat. Its object is to economize fuel or time, as the case may be, in the heating of water or other liquid; and it is designed with especial reference to the needs of those parts of the Southern States where fuel is scarce and the household utensils are applied indifferently to domestic or agricultural purposes.

The invention consists, first, in such aconstruction of the boiler as will insure a maximum exposure of water-surface to the action of the heating medium; secondly, in inclosing the boiler within a heat retaining jacket; thirdly, in making the heat-retaining jacket adjustable in length with reference to the fixed length of the boiler, so that the boiler may project below the jacket, when necessary, or the jacket below the boiler; fourthly, in collecting and disposing of the heat ascending between the jacket and the skin of the boiler.

In the accompanying drawings, whereinlike letters represent like parts, Figure 1 is a side perspective of my boiler with lid removed and parts of the jacket and skin broken away to show construction and arrangement of the firetubes and water-cups by which the heatingsurface is multiplied, the dotted lines above the body of the figure indicating how the boiler may be combined with a steam-cooker. Fig. 2 is a top plan of the boiler with the lid removed. Fig. 3 is a bottom plan of the boiler. Fig. 4. is a side elevation of the boiler with part of the jacket broken away to show in section a return-flue for removing the heat collecting in the upper part of the structure. Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the center of the structure shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a vertical section of the boiler and the heat-retaining jacket. Fig. 7 is a cross-section of the jacket and boiler on the line or of Fig. 6, showing the diaphragm through which the heat or smoke collecting between boiler and jacket passes to be conveyed away.

A is a boiler having a fixedjacket, B,Whioh may be lengthened at pleasure by the insertion therein of funnelshaped jacket-pieces 0. An offset, a, is formed upon the boiler-bottom, so that water-cups D may descend from the plane of the bottom into a stove-hole. The stovehole is closed by the boiler-bottom surrounding and resting on the surface around said hole. The walls of these cups form fire-tubes E, which are carried as far up into the boiler as can conveniently be done, the walls of the water-cups being prolonged above the boiler-bottom for that purpose,and each tube being closed by a tight cap, 6. The walls of cups and tubes being identical, (see Fig. 5,) it follows (see Fig. 2) that each cup D would be inclosed above its level by the adjacent walls of four of the tubes E, and a free circulation of the water impeded below the level of the caps e. To avoid this, I cut of]? the square corners of the caps and slant-bevel the corners of the tubes E, (see Figs. 1 and 2,) so that it is only at the plane ofjunction of cups and tubes-that is, at the level of the boiler-bottom-that the walls of both are actually conterminous. This arrangement enables the water to circulate with sufficient freedom among the numerous tubes projecting upward in the boiler. Each tube E, except those nearest to the outer wall of the boiler, is an elongated rectangular pyramid and its cap an octagon. The outer circle of tubes need not be so formed on the surface adjacent to the outer wall or wall of the boiler.

In order that the fire or heated air may circulate freely among the cups D, I slant-bevel them (see Fig. 3) in the manner just above described, so that they resemble elongated, rectangular, and inverted pyramids.

The heat or smoke ascending between the boiler and thejacket passes through the per forated diaphragm F (the edges of which form tight joints with the jacket and boiler) and enters the fiuef, which is either bent downward (see Fig. 4) to conduct such heat or smoke back into the stove or range, or bent upward, as indicatedbydotted lines, Fig. 4,

.to discharge it into the air when the heating is done over an open fire.

I make no claim to any of the constructions or combinations shown or described in Letters Patent of the United States numbered 84,456, 188,080. 214,236, and 224,492, and the British Letters Patent numbered 3,798 of 1868; but

What I claim to be new and usefuhand desire to secure by Letters Patent,is the followmg:

in boilers for domestic and agricultural uses, the combination of the boiler A, having an offset, a, with the jacket B, the jacket-extension pieces 0, the cups D, the tubes E, having caps e, and the perforated diaphragm F, having a flue, f, all in the manner hereinbefore described, whereby heat may be either rapidly 0r economic-ally applied to liquids designed to be heated, and the same boiler may be used over inclosed or open fires, as herein set forth.

In testimony whereof I affiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ENOS RICHMOND. WVitnesses:

SAML. (J. Mims, WM. H. BROWNE. 

